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Project: B12
Author: Sofia Gama2

Abstract (Expand)

Gramibactin (GBT) is an archetype for the new class of diazeniumdiolate siderophores, produced by Paraburkholderia graminis, a cereal-associated rhizosphere bacterium, for which a detailed solution thermodynamic study exploring the iron coordination properties is reported. The acid-base behavior of gramibactin as well as its complexing ability toward Fe(3+) was studied over a wide range of pH values (2</=pH</=11). For the latter the ligand-competition method employing EDTA was used. Only two species are formed: [Fe(GBT)](-) (pH 2 to 9) and [Fe(GBT)(OH)2 ](3-) (pH>/=9). The formation of [Fe(GBT)](-) and its occurrence in real systems was confirmed by LC-HRESIMS analysis of the bacteria culture broth extract. The sequestering ability of gramibactin was also evaluated in terms of the parameters pFe and pL0.5 . Gramibactin exhibits a higher sequestering ability toward Fe(3+) than EDTA and of the same order of magnitude as hydroxamate-type microbial siderophores, but smaller than most of the catecholate-type siderophores and much higher than the most known phytosiderophores.

Authors: S. Gama, R. Hermenau, M. Frontauria, D. Milea, S. Sammartano, C. Hertweck, W. Plass

Date Published: 5th Feb 2021

Publication Type: Journal

Abstract (Expand)

Genome mining and chemical analyses revealed that rhizosphere bacteria (Paraburkholderia graminis) produce a new type of siderophore, gramibactin, a lipodepsipeptide that efficiently binds iron with a logbeta value of 27.6. Complexation-induced proton NMR chemical shifts show that the unusual N-nitrosohydroxylamine (diazeniumdiolate) moieties participate in metal binding. Gramibactin biosynthesis genes are conserved in numerous plant-associated bacteria associated with rice, wheat, and maize, which may utilize iron from the complex.

Authors: R. Hermenau, K. Ishida, S. Gama, B. Hoffmann, M. Pfeifer-Leeg, W. Plass, J. F. Mohr, T. Wichard, H. P. Saluz, C. Hertweck

Date Published: 1st Aug 2018

Publication Type: Journal

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